TL;DR

VisionLLM unifies detection, segmentation, captioning, and VQA under a single LLM autoregressive decoder by expressing all tasks as natural language instructions, eliminating task-specific heads entirely.

Summary

Vision models traditionally require separate task-specific heads for detection, segmentation, captioning, and VQA. VisionLLM eliminates this by routing all vision tasks through a single LLM autoregressive decoder, where task instructions are natural language commands and outputs — bounding box coordinates, class tokens, and text — are generated in the same decoding pass. This enables open-ended instruction following for vision tasks without architectural switches. On COCO detection, VisionLLM surpasses specialist models while remaining competitive on captioning, all from one unified architecture.

Key contributions

  1. Proposes using a single LLM decoder for heterogeneous vision tasks without any task-specific heads.
  2. Introduces natural language task instructions as the universal interface replacing task-specific prompts and switches.
  3. Demonstrates autoregressive coordinate prediction as a viable alternative to regression-based detection heads.
  4. Shows that a unified architecture surpasses specialist models on COCO detection while remaining competitive on captioning.

When to cite

  1. When arguing that LLM decoders can generalize across heterogeneous vision output types (coordinates, classes, text).
  2. When comparing unified generalist architectures against task-specific vision heads for detection and segmentation.
  3. When discussing open-ended instruction following as a paradigm for multi-task vision models.
  4. When looking for evidence that autoregressive bounding box prediction matches regression-based detection at scale.

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